A ética médica no começo do século XX: “A montanha mágica” de Thomas Mann
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bioética, obra de arte, bem, dever, cuidadoResumo
A bioética transformou a ética médica de maneira profunda, apelando para outros principios e práticas. O presente trabalho tenta compreender a ética médica ocidental tradicional recorrendo à sua descrição na narrativa artística, porque esta descreve com especial qualidade e rigor o modo como era entendida e exercida antes da construção bioética. Foi escolhida a obra de Thomas Mann "A montanha mágica" porque, ademais de seu valor intrínseco, o seu ponto de vista esclarece outros fundamentos morais que podem ter sido mal entendidos, desqualificados ou perdidos nos últimos anos. Assim a ética do bem predominava sobre a ética do dever, a vida boa sobre a obrigatoriedade, a estima de si acima do respeito ao outro, os máximos alcançáveis acima dos mínimos exigidos. As ácidas críticas expressadas pelo narrador onisciente insinuam que esta maneira de entender o comportamento moral na medicina necessitava complementar-se com outras visões éticas.
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